Cardiomiopatia hipertrófica felina: Aspectos relevantes

João Alison de Moraes Silveira, Glayciane Bezerra de Morais, Karen Denise da Silva Macambira, Francisco Antônio Félix Xavier Júnior, Nathalie Ommundsen Pessoa, Paula Priscila Correia Costa, Janaina Serra Azul Monteiro Evangelista

Resumo


A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica é um distúrbio clinicamente heterogêneo caracterizado por espessamento discreto a severo da câmara ventricular esquerda associado à disfunção diastólica. Os principais sinais clínicos são anormalidades respiratórias tipicamente secundárias a edema pulmonar e/ou efusão pleural; insuficiência cardíaca aguda discreta à severa; e paraparesia/paraplegia causada por tromboembolia arterial. O diagnóstico deve ser baseado em uma história familiar positiva e as causas que provocam a hipertrofia secundária devem ser descartadas. A ecocardiografia é atualmente o exame padrão-ouro para o diagnóstico dessa patologia. É a doença cardíaca mais comum em gatos adultos; portanto, é necessário conhecimento acerca desta patologia a fim de realizar uma conduta clínica eficaz, melhorando o prognóstico e qualidade de vida do animal.


Palavras-chave


cardiopatia; hipertrofia; gatos.

Referências


ATKINS, C.E.; GALLO, A.M.; KURZMAN, I.D. et al. Risk factors, clinical signs, and survival in cats with a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: 74 cases (1985–1989). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v. 201, n. 4, p. 613-618, 1992.

BRANQUINHO, J.; MONZO, M.; CLÁUDIO, J. et al. Diagnóstico imagiológico de cardiomiopatia hipertrófica. Revista Lusófona de Ciência e Medicina Veterinária, v. 3, p. 36-44, 2010.

BRIGHT, J.M.; GOLDEN, A.L.; DANIEL, G.B. Feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: variations on a theme. Journal of Small Animal Practice, v. 33, n. 6, p. 266-274, 1992.

CARLOS, S.C.; CHETBOUL, V.; MARY, J. et al. Prospective echocardiographic and tissue Doppler imaging screening of a population of Maine Coon cats tested for the A31P mutation in the myosin-binding protein C gene: a specific analysis of the heterozygous status. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v. 23, n. 1, p. 91-99, 2009.

COTÉ, E.; MANNING, A.M.; EMERSON, D. et al. Assessment of the prevalence of heart murmurs in overtly healthy cats. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v. 225, p. 384-388, 2004.

CUDA, G.; FANANAPAZIR, L.; ZHU, W.S. et al. Skeletal muscle expression and abnormal function of beta-myosin in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Journal of Clinical Investigation, v. 91, n. 6, p. 2861-2865, 1993.

DUNN, J.K.; ELLIOTT, J.; HERRTAGE, M.E. Doenças do Sistema Cardiovascular. In: DUNN, J.K. Tratado de Medicina de Pequenos animais. São Paulo: Roca, 2001. Cap.10, p.289 - 293.

FERASIN, L.; STURGESS, C.P.; CANNON, M.J. et al. Feline idiopathic cardiomyopathy: a retrospective study of 106 cats (1994–2001). Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, v. 5, n. 3, p. 151-159, 2003.

FOX, P.R. Feline cardiomyopathies. In: ETTINGER, S.J; FELDMAN, E.C. (Ed.). Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine Diseases of the Dog and Cat. 5.ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 2000, p. 896-923.

FOX, P.R. The Multicenter Feline Chronic Heart Failure Study Group: prospective, double blinded, multicenter evaluation of chronic therapies for feline diastolic heart failure: interim analysis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v. 17, p. 398, 2003.

FOX, P.R.; LIU, S.K.; MARON, B.J. Echocardiographic assessment of spontaneously occurring feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: An animal model of human disease. Circulation, v. 92, p. 2645-2651, 1995.

FRENCH, A.; WOTTON, P. Sistema Cardiovascular. In: CHANDLER, E.E.; GASKEL, C.J.; GASKEL, R.M. (Ed.). Clínica e Terapêutica em Felinos. 3.ed. São Paulo: Editora Roca, 2006, p. 405-428.

FUENTES, V.L. Management of Feline Myocardial Diseases. In: BONAGURA, J.D.; TWEDT, D.C. (Ed.). Kirk’s Current Veterinary Therapy XIV. St. Louis: WB Saunders, 2008, p. 809-814.

FUJII, Y.; MASUDA, Y.; TAKASHIMA, K. et al. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Two Kittens. Journal Veterinary Medical Science, v. 65, n. 5, p. 583-585, 2001.

HSU, A.; KITTLESON, M.D.; PALING, A. Investigation into the use of plasma NT-proBNP concentration to screen for feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, v. 11, p. 63-70, 2009.

HURTY, C.A.; FLATLAND, B. Feline acromegaly: a review of the syndrome. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, v. 41, p. 292-297, 2005.

JORRO, M.; MANUBENS, J. Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica Felina. In: BELERENIAN, G.C.; MUCHA, C.J.; CAMACHO, A.A. (Ed.). Afecciones Cardiovasculares em Pequeños Animales. Buenos Aires: Intermedica Editorial, 2001, p. 185-192.

KIENLE, R.D. Feline Cardiomyopathy. In: TILLEY, L.P.; SMITH, S.W.K.; OYAMA, M. A. et al. (Ed.). Manual of Canine and Feline Cardiology. 4.ed. St Louis: W.B. Saunders, 2008, p. 151-175.

KITTLESON, M.D. Feline Myocardial Disease. In: ETTINGER, S.J.; FELDMAN, E.C. (Ed.). Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 6.ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 2005, p. 1082-1104.

KITTLESON, M.D.; GOMPF, R.; LITTLE, S. Feline Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Advice for Breeders. Winn Feline Foundation, 2006. Disponível em: http://catvet.homestead.com/hcm_for_breeders_rev_2006.pdf. Acesso em: 02/04/2015.

KITTLESON, M.D.; KIENLE, R.D. Small Animal Cardiovascular Medicine. St Louis: Mosby Elsevier, 1998, 603 p.

KITTLESON, M.D.; MEURS, K.M.; MUNRO, M.J. et al. Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Maine Coon cats: An animal model of human disease. Circulation, v. 99, p. 3172-3180, 1999.

KITTLESON, M.D.; PION, P.D.; De LELLIS, L.A. et al. Increased serum growth hormone concentration in feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Jounal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v. 6, n. 6, p. 320-324, 1992.

LASTE, N.J. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, v. 31, n. 6, p.1231-1254, 2001.

LESSER, M.; FOX, P.R.; BOND, B.R. Assessment of hypertension in 40 cats with left ventricular hypertrophy by Doppler-shift sphygmomanometry. Journal Small Animal Practice, v.33, p. 55-58, 1992.

LIU, S.K.; MARON, B.J.; TILLEY, L.P. Feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: gross anatomic and quantitative histologic features. American Journal of Pathology, v. 102, p. 388-395, 1981.

LIU, S.K.; ROBERTS, W.C.; MARON, B.J. Comparison of morphologic findings in spontaneously occurring hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in humans, cats and dogs. American Journal of Cardiology, v. 72, p. 944-951, 1993.

LIU, S.K.; TASHJIAN, R.J.; PATNAIK, A.K. Congestive heart failure in the cat. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v. 156, p. 1319-1330, 1970.

MacDONALD, K. In: ETTINGER, S.J.; FELDMAN, E.C. (Ed.). Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 7.ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 2010, 2218 p.

MACLEA, H.B; BOON, J.A; BRIGHT, J.M. Doppler Echocardiographic Evaluation of Midventricular Obstruction in Cats with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v. 27, n. 6, p. 1416-1420, 2013.

MARIAN, A.J. Genetic determinants of cardiac hypertrophy. Current Opinion in Cardiology, v. 23, p. 199-205, 2008.

MARON, B.J.; BONOW, R.O.; CANNON, R.O. et al. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Interrelations of clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and therapy (1). The New England Journal of Medicine, v. 316, n. 13, p. 780-789, 1987.

MARON, B.J.; GARDIN, J.M.; FLACK, J.M. et al. Prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a general population of young adults: echocardiographic analysis of 4111 subjects in the CARDIA Study. Circulation, v. 92, p. 785-789, 1995.

MEURS, K.; KITTLESON, M.D.; TOWBIN, J. et al. Familial systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve and/or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is apparently inherited as an autosomal dominant trait in a family of American shorthair cats. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v. 11, p. 138, 1997.

MEURS, K.M.; NORGARD, M.M.; EDERER, M.M. et al. A substitution mutation in the myosin binding protein C gene in Ragdoll hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Genomics, v. 90, p. 261-264, 2007.

MEURS, K.M.; SANCHEZ, X.; DAVID, R.M. et al. A cardiac myosin binding protein C mutation in the Maine Coon cat with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Human Molecular Genetics, v. 14, p. 3587-3593, 2005.

NELSON, R.W.; COUTO, N.C.G. Myocardial Diseases of the Cat. In: Small Animal Internal Medicine. 4.ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier, 2008, p. 142-155.

NETO, M.L.; PASCOAL, L.A.D.B.; BALIEIRO, J.C.C. et al. O carvedilol no tecido conjuntivo cardíaco de ratos durante o desenvolvimento da hipertrofia miocárdica concêntrica. Ciência Rural, v. 36, n. 4, p. 1207-1213, 2006.

NORSWORTHY, G.D.; CRYSTAL, M.A.; FOOSHEE, S.K. et al. The Feline Patient. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003, 559 p.

OWENS, J.M.; BIERY, D.N. Radiographic Interpretation for the Small Animal Clinician. 2.ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1999, p. 209-210.

PAIGE, C.F.; ABBOTT, J.A.; ELVINGER, F. et al. Prevalence of cardiomyopathy in apparently healthy cats. Journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association, v. 234, p.1398-1403, 2009.

PAYNE, J.; FUENTES, V.L.; BOSWOOD, A. et al. Population characteristics and survival in 127 referred cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (1997 to 2005). Journal of Small Animal Practice, v. 51, p. 540-547, 2010.

PETERSON, M.E.; TAYLOR, R.S.; GRECO, D.S. et al. Acromegaly in 14 cats. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v. 4, n. 4, p. 192-201, 1990.

RADOSTITS, O.M.; MAYHEW, I.G.J.; HOUSTON, D.M. Exame Clínico e Diagnóstico em Veterinária. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2002, 592 p.

RIESEN, S.C.; KOVACEVICZ, A.; LOMBARD, C.W. et al. Prevalence of heart disease in symptomatic cats: an overview from 1998 to 2005. Schweizer Archiv Fuer Tierheilkunde, v.149, p. 65-71, 2007.

RISHNIW, M.; PION, P.D. Treatment of feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy based in science or faith? A survey of cardiologists and a literature search. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, v. 13, p. 487-497, 2011.

RUSH, J.E.; FREEMAN, L.M.; FENOLLOSA, N.K. et al. Population and survival characteristics of cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: 260 cases (1990-1999). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v. 220, n. 2, p. 202-207, 2002.

SISSON, D.D.; THOMAS, W. Myocardial Diseases. In: ETTINGER S. J.; FELDMAN, E. C. (Ed.). Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 4.ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1995, 995 p.

TYLLEY L.P.; GOODWIN J.K. Manual De Cardiologia para Cães e Gatos. 3.ed. São Paulo: Roca, 2002, p. 161-166.

VASSILIKI, G.; CHETBOUL, V.; POUCHELON, J.L. et al. Azotemia in cats with feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Prevalence and relationships with echocardiographic. Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, v. 10, p. 117-123, 2008.

WESS, G.; SCHINNER, C.; WEBER, K. et al. Association of A31P and A74T polymorphisms in the myosin binding protein C3 Gene and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Maine Coon and other breed cats. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v. 24, p. 527-532, 2010.

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION/INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY AND FEDERATION CARDIOLOGY - WHO/ISFC. Report on the definition and classification of cardiomyopathies. British Heart Journal, v. 44, p. 672-673, 1980.


Texto completo: PDF

Apontamentos

  • Não há apontamentos.


 


 

 

Counters
Visitas